Abstract: New quality productivity bring new opportunities and challenges for the revitalization and development of rural areas in our country. Studying the impact of these new modes of productivity on rural revitalization can provide theoretical and empirical support for China’ s efforts to build an agricultural powerhouse. Based on panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2010 to 2022, this study empirically analysed the impact mechanism of the new quality productivity on rural revitalization through bidirectional fixed effects and spatial effects models. The study found that, government support for agriculture could significantly enhance the positive impact of new modes of productivity on rural revitalization. New quality productivity showed obvious heterogeneity in the process of empowering rural revitalization, particularly in terms of technological innovation. That was, in areas with higher levels of technological innovation, the positive impact of new quality productivity on rural revitalization was more significant. From a regional heterogeneity perspective, the positive promotional effect of new quality productivity on rural revitalization was more prominent in western regions. In addition, the impact of economic development levels on the role of new quality productivity in promoting rural revitalization demonstrated a single-threshold effect, but the development of provincial new quality productivity had a siphon effect on the development of rural revitalization in nearby provinces.