Abstract: Based on the panel data of 30 Chinese province-level division (except Xizang, Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan) from 2007 to 2022, this paper empirically examined the impact of land transfer policies on agricultural economic resilience using a dual difference model. It was found that, land transfer policy could effectively improve agricultural economic resilience, and scale management played a “Bridge” role in the process of land transfer policy affecting agricultural economic resilience, the conclusion was still valid after the robustness test, and the heterogeneity analysis showed that, the promotion effect of land transfer policy on agricultural economic resilience was stronger in the eastern region, the main grain producing areas and the southeast of the Hu Huan yong line.