Abstract: The comprehensive development level of farmers determines the implementation process of rural revitalization. Based on the statistical data of Shaanxi Province from 2010 to 2022, starting from the Marxist theory of comprehensive human development, the entropy method and analytic hierarchy process were used to construct an indicator system from four dimensions: needs, activity ability, social interaction, and free personality. The level, trend, and coupling coordination of the comprehensive development of farmers in Shaanxi Province were analyzed. The results showed that, the comprehensive development of farmers in Shaanxi Province was deeply influenced by factors such as the proportion of development-oriented consumption and agricultural willingness. Currently, it was in the initial upward stage, with good development trends and coupling coordination. However, the stability of development and the ability to resist risks needed to be further improved. The development of all four dimensions showed a fluctuating upward trend, among which the level of development needed was the best, the development of activity ability was the most stable, and the development of free personality fluctuates the most. There was a situation where the development ability and awareness were not stable enough. In response to the above issues, countermeasures and suggestions were proposed from three aspects: optimizing the education and training mode for farmers, continuously playing the role of government guarantee, and stimulating farmers’ self-development awareness.