Abstract: Against the background of rapid urbanization, rural public space is in a situation of continuous decline and lack of vitality, which greatly affects the process of rural revitalization and the final results of rural construction. Through the establishment of the analytical framework of “value discovery - subject linkage - institutional support” , the study systematically analyzed the overall process of rural public space reconstruction and an in-depth investigation of the internal mechanism of rural public space vitality enhancement. This study found that, there was a “bottom-up” mechanism for rural public space reconstruction, in which social subjects were the “primary action subjects” of public space reconstruction, identifying public space based on their skills and needs, and discovering the multiple values of public space; based on the discovery of spatial values, the public space could be utilized for the reconstruction of rural public space through a variety of means. Based on the discovery of spatial value, through the two mobilization mechanisms of balance of interests and relationship contract, multiple social subjects could form a synergy and act together in the process of public space recreation; the government and the public sector were the “secondary subjects of action” in public space recreation, providing a series of formal institutional support by using rich policy tools, while at the same time realizing the effective operation of the policy with the help of the informal system. The government and the public sector were the “secondary action subjects” of public space reconstruction, using policy tools such as enrichment to provide a series of formal institutional support, while at the same time utilizing informal systems to realize the effective operation of policies.