Abstract: In the practice of rural governance, new rural sages have attracted wide attention due to their unique advantages, and have become the key force in the construction of the “five governance integration” governance system. Through the investigation of D village in Wuhu City, it was found that new rural sages participated in politics by publicizing political thoughts, assisting party affairs and village affairs, and participating in party organizations to lead cooperatives. Participated in the rule of law by mediating civil disputes and banning gambling and drugs; through the moral council and the red and white council, participated in the rule of virtue ; participated in autonomy through the “three-energy co-construction mechanism” ; participated in intelligent governance by introducing intelligent production technology. The participation dilemma is that the imperfect incentive measures lead to the solidification of the participants, the imperfect participation system leads to the anomie of participation behavior, and the lack of participation ability leads to the limitation of participation field. The countermeasures to get rid of the dilemma are “three measures” to encourage new rural sages to participate in village governance, “three standards” to improve the system of new rural sages village governance, and “three strengthening” to improve the ability of new rural sages to participate.