Abstract: Agricultural and rural modernization is a comprehensive unity of agricultural modernization aimed at productive forces and rural modernization aimed at production relations, which constitutes the key content of the construction of Chinese-style modernization, aiming at overcoming the drawbacks of capitalist modernization and realizing the organic unity of green production and better life. The richness of the connotation of China’ s agricultural and rural modernization, the value of serving the people and the sustainability of practical development are obviously different from the value orientation of Western modernization, which is subordinate to the will of capital. It is not only consistent with the trend of global modernization committed to the transformation from the material economy to the ecological economy, but also based on China’ s local and follow the people-centered development logic to realize the ecological turn of modernization development, expand the mutually beneficial coupling space between human modernization and the natural environment to promote the sustainable development of modernization.