Abstract: Using field research data in Jiangsu Province in 2020, this study empirically examined the impact of socialized green production services on farmers’ productivity and its possible paths using a four-stage DEA-Tobit model as an entry point, and further explored the differences in the impact at different scales. The results showed that, (1) The average production efficiency of the sample farmers in the first stage was 0.121, and the overall efficiency value increased to 0.511 after excluding environmental factors and management inefficiency, which was at a high efficiency level, indicating that environmental factors and management inefficiency had an important impact on the rice production efficiency of the sample farmers. (2) The adoption of socialized green production services significantly improved the total factor productivity of rice production of the sample farmers. Based on the above analysis, this study concluded that, we should make use of the form of “government purchase + market entity operation” to mobilize the enthusiasm of various entities and promote the sound development of the socialized green production service market.