Abstract: Taking Anhui Province as an example, this paper explored the interaction between them by using entropy weight Topsis, coupling coordination degree and Tapio decoupling model. The results show that, from 2015 to 2020, the new urbanization in Anhui Province was steadily increasing year by year, and the level of ecological environment was fluctuating. The development rankings of the two systems between cities were not synchronized. The urban belt in Wanjiang City was “high-high” , the northern part of Anhui Province was basically “low-low” , and the rest were “one low and one high” . It showed a high level of coupling, and the coordination level was gradually improved, in which Wanjiang > Lu’ an and Huangshan > Northern Anhui; The types of decoupling were mainly growth connection, expansion negative decoupling and weak decoupling, the decrease of cities with strong decoupling indicates that the environment had been paid more and more attention. Anhui should pay attention to narrowing regional differences and improving the level of urbanization and ecological environment in northern Anhui.