Abstract: Based on the data of Chengdu from 1978 to 2020, this paper established a VAR model to empirically explore the correlation between farmers’ income and agricultural mechanization in Chengdu. The conclusion shows that there is a one-way Granger causality between farmers’ income and the level of agricultural mechanization in Chengdu, and there is a long-term and stable promoting effect between the improvement of agricultural mechanization and farmers’ income. Therefore, in order to promote the modernization of agriculture and rural areas and solve the problem of increasing farmers’ income continuously, governments at all levels need to take reasonable and effective scientific decisions, such as actively cultivating new farmers, enhancing farmers’ awareness of investment in agricultural machinery, continuously deepening the government’ s subsidy policy for agriculture and rural areas, and expanding the scope of subsidies for agricultural mechanization.