Abstract: Based on 59 county-level units (counties and county-level cities) in Anhui Province, an evaluation system of rural revitalization development level was constructed, and the temporal and spatial evolution characteristics and influencing factors of rural revitalization development level at county level in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2019 were explored by means of entropy method, spatial autocorrelation and geographic detector. The results show that: （1）From 2010 to 2019, the level of rural revitalization at county level in Anhui Province showed an increasing trend, with significant regional differences. （2）The development level of rural revitalization showed positive autocorrelation, increasing trend from west to east, and inverted triangle from south to north; Counties in hot spots were concentrated in Hefei, Chuzhou and Maanshan, while counties in cold spots were mainly concentrated in dabie Mountain old revolutionary base area. （3）The comprehensive effects of multiple factors such as economy, industry and location affected the spatio-temporal evolution of rural revitalization development in Anhui Province from 2010 to 2019. Among them, per capita GDP was the leading factor affecting rural revitalization development in Anhui Province. Carbon emissions, area occupied by facility agriculture, proportion of added value of secondary and tertiary industries and distance from prefecture-level cities had a significant impact on rural revitalization development in Anhui Province. In the future, Anhui province should fully consider the gap in the level of rural revitalization, adjust measures to local conditions, and determine the path and development direction of differentiated rural revitalization.