Abstract: In the context of the Rural Revitalization Strategy, the first secretary has played an important role in promoting the effective connection between national governance needs and rural self-government, increasing farmers’ income and rural comprehensive revitalization. In China, villages are divided into four categories: gathering and upgrading, suburban integration, characteristic protection, relocation and merger. Different types of villages have different resources and village level structure. The first secretary needs to take differential assistance to achieve rural revitalization. By defining the differential assistance behavior of the first secretary, clarifying the relationship between the first secretary and the village cadres and other governance subjects, the article discussed the feasible ways to improve the level of assistance of the first secretary and promoted the Rural Revitalization from the aspects of increasing the autonomy resources of village level organizations, improving the governance level of village level organizations, and selecting differential assistance means.