Abstract: As the link between the local government and the rural households, poverty alleviation cadres play an important role in promoting the effective connection of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization. In order to measure the competence of poverty alleviation cadres and study the influencing factors of the competence of poverty alleviation cadres, a competency index system for poverty alleviation cadres was constructed from the four aspects of knowledge and technology, ability, characteristics, and positive motivations, and a questionnaire survey method was adopted. The survey data of 1123 samples in the southern region was verified. The results are as fellows: Firstly, the overall competence of the poverty alleviation cadres in southern Shaanxi is at the upper-middle level. Secondly, the village resident cadres are slightly better than the village cadres. Thirdly, the poverty alleviation cadres who are male, extroverted, and have been working for a long time, the village resident cadres who are full-time poverty alleviation and have a bachelor degree or above, the village cadres who are older and less educated, these people have high competence. Finally, after testing, the reliability and validity of the indicator system is good, and it has good promotion significance. Research on the competence of poverty alleviation cadres will help improve the competence of poverty alleviation cadres, thereby helping to achieve an effective connection between the consolidation of poverty alleviation achievements and rural revitalization.