Abstract: China’ s agricultural development is rapid, but accompanied by a large number of energy consumption and environmental pollution. Improving agricultural energy efficiency is an important measure to promote the green and low-carbon development of agriculture. Therefore, based on the measurement of agricultural energy efficiency with direct energy input as the source of carbon dioxide not expected to be produced, this paper studies the changing trend of agricultural energy efficiency in China, as well as the convergence and convergence rate of each region. The results shows that China’ s average total factor agricultural energy efficiency was 0.64 from 2000 to 2018. From the perspective of the overall change, the total factor agricultural energy efficiency in China is on the rise as a whole. By region, the total factor agricultural energy efficiency showed a trend of high in the east and low in the west. From the clustering results, 13 provinces, including Inner Mongolia, Shanxi and Hebei, are low efficiency regions, 9 provinces, including Jilin and Tianjin, are medium efficiency regions, and 6 provinces, including Guangxi and Beijing, are high efficiency regions. The convergence results show that the total factor agricultural energy efficiency developed from low efficiency area to high efficiency area, and the convergence rate was central > eastern > western. Finally, according to the conclusion, some policy suggestions are put forward to strengthen the inter-regional circulation of agricultural factors and improve the conversion rate of agricultural technology.