Abstract: Production Trusteeship Service is an important means to solve the problem of rural labor shortage, and it is also an important cornerstone to ensure national food security. In the wave of green industrial revolution, the influence of the right of farm land and the service of production trusteeship on the agricultural planting structure “grain-orientation” has been widely concerned. This study uses 950 rural household survey data in Fujian Province to clarify the logical influence among them by constructing an intermediary effect test model. The results show that the establishment of the right in arable land promoted the grain-orientation of planting structure as a whole, and the characteristic variables of production trusteeship played an intermediary role in the adjustment of planting structure. Among them, farmers’ gender, age, total family income, village location and transportation also have a significant impact on the adjustment of farmers’ grain planting structure. Therefore, in order to advocate the “grain-orientation” farming structure of farmers and safeguard national food security, we need to effectively guide the transfer of rural non-agricultural labor, improve the agricultural production trusteeship service system, improve the level of production trusteeship service and policy support in order to stimulate the enthusiasm of farmers in growing grain.