Abstract: From the perspective of rural revitalization, using coupling degree model, scissors difference and evolutionary coupling degree model, this paper analyzes the coupling relationship between industrial prosperity subsystem and life prosperity subsystem in Gansu Province from 2005 to 2019. The results show that the coupling coordination degree of the two subsystems is on the rise in the research period, and they have gone through three stages: maladjustment recession, intermediate transition and coordination improvement. As the evolution speed of the industrial prosperity subsystem continues to decline, while the evolution speed of the life affluence subsystem continues to rise, the scissors difference α of the two subsystems shows a “V” trend, the evolution coupling degree β of the system shows a downward trend, and the evolution coupling degree of the system changes from the state of common development to the state of primary coordinated development. Especially after 2010, the evolution speed of the industrial prosperity subsystem is less than that of the life affluence subsystem, which is extremely unfavorable for the long-term primary coordinated development. Therefore, the primary task of implementing rural revitalization strategy in Gansu Province is to revitalize rural industry and activate rural endogenous power.