Abstract: This paper, from politics, sociology, anthropology and other disciplines theory of frontier research paradigm, examines social problems in the field of social work, highlights the “cross-border” features of geographical space and humanistic environment, and based on the applicability of the social work theory, combining with the rural, ethnic social work in the areas of social work practice, based on the particularity of the rural society in national regions along the border problem, puts forward “multicultural” and “geopolitical sensitive” value concept. It hope that social work can play their professional advantages, better in frontier minority areas of rural governance, in the practice of this special field, the theory and method of social work applicable to China’ s pluralistic social structure are developed.