Study on the Effect of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Fertilizer on the Oriental Tobacco and the Parameters of Fertilizer Application in Yunnan

Purpose The systematic research on the fertilization parameters and rational fertilization rate of the oriental tobacco were limited. In order to provide the basis for the standard fertilization of the oriental tobacco, the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on yield and quality and the fertilization parameters of oriental tobacco were studied.Method Field experiments using "3414" regression optimization design were carried out. The effects of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer on yield and quality of oriental tobacco were studied. The fertilization parameters of oriental tobacco were studied by soil testing data and fertilizer effect function model.Results The fertilization rate of Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P2O5) and potassium (K2O) for the highest yield were 208.56 kg/hm2, 259.84 kg/hm2 and 559.17 kg/hm2 respectively. The economic optimum fertilization rate was 189.59kg/hm2, 201.13 kg/hm2 and 398.23 kg/hm2, respectively. The rational fertilization ratio of N:P2O5:K2O was 1:1.08:2.19. The uptake amounts of N, P2O5, K2O for 100 kg yield were 1.04 kg, 0.43 kg, 1.94 kg. The fertilizer use efficiency was 48.72%, 5.06% and 5.76% respectively. The contribution of fertilizer was 45.27%, 33.24% and 7.59%,respectively. Fertilizer agronomic efficiency was 17.69 kg/kg, 8.4 kg/kg, 1.19 kg/kg. Relative yields were 54.73%, 67.76%, 92.41%, respectively. The partial factor productivity of chemical fertilizer was 7.82 kg/kg.Conclusions Oriental tobacco fertilization should depend on the fertilization parameter and the data. With the increase of nitrogen fertilizer rate, the yield of tobacco can be increased markedly. The yield and quality of the oriental tobacco can be improved by increasing the phosphorus and potassium use efficiency. Increasing organic fertilizer application to replace part of chemical N fertilizer will be one of the important options for the oriental tobacco production.