外源磷酸酶对玉米磷吸收及红壤磷活化的影响
探讨添加不同外源磷酸酶对玉米磷吸收和红壤磷活化的影响。
通过盆栽试验，以不添加酶的常规种植为对照(CK)，研究低磷红壤中添加外源酸性磷酸酶(acid phosphatase，ACP)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase，ALP)和植酸酶(phytase，PHY)对玉米根际土壤酶活性、土壤磷库组分及玉米磷吸收的影响。
外源添加ACP、ALP和PHY处理的玉米根际ACP活性分别提高24.4%、19.6%和69.8%，玉米根际ALP活性分别提高16.8%、19.2%和20.9%；外源添加PHY处理的土壤PHY活性显著提高95.3%。外源添加ACP和PHY处理的玉米磷累积量分别显著增加31.6%和66.2%，干物质量分别显著增加15.6%和38.7%；而外源添加ALP无显著促进作用。外源添加PHY处理对土壤磷组分影响最大，其次为ACP和ALP。与CK相比，PHY处理的玉米根际土壤NaHCO3-Po和NaOH-Po分别显著降低13.9%和6.8%，Resin-P和NaHCO3-Pi分别显著增加337.8%和65.2%；与ACP和ALP处理相比，PHY处理的Resin-P分别显著增加90.1%和104.3%，NaHCO3-Pi分别显著增加30.6%和45.2%，NaHCO3-Po分别显著降低8.8%和11.4%，NaOH-Po分别显著降低3.5%和4.4%。NaHCO3-Pi、NaHCO3-Po和Resin-P对红壤有效磷的相对贡献率分别为10.0%、8.7%和8.4%。
外源添加PHY和ACP可显著促进红壤有机磷(NaHCO3-Po、NaOH-Po)转化为水溶性无机磷(Resin-P)和有效态无机磷(NaHCO3-Pi)，增加玉米对磷的吸收利用，在促进玉米磷吸收和红壤磷活化过程中发挥重要作用。
Effect of Exogenous Phosphatases Addition on Phosphorus Uptake by Maize and Phosphorus Activation in Red Soil
To investigate the effects of different exogenous phosphatase addition on phosphorus (P) uptake by maize and P activation in red soil.
Through a pot experiment, conventional cultivation without enzyme addition was used as the control (CK) to investigate the effects of adding exogenous acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and phytase (PHY) to low-P red soil on the rhizosphere soil enzyme activity, soil P pool fractions, and P uptake by maize.
The addition of exogenous ACP, ALP, and PHY increased ACP activity in the maize rhizosphere by 24.4%, 19.6%, and 69.8%, respectively; increased ALP activity by 16.8%, 19.2%, and 20.9%, respectively. The addition of exogenous PHY significantly increased PHY activity in the soil by 95.3%. Exogenous addition of ACP and PHY treatments significantly increased maize P accumulation by 31.6% and 66.2%, respectively, and dry matter weight by 15.6% and 38.7%, respectively; while exogenous ALP showed no significant promoting effect. The PHY treatment had the greatest impact on soil P fractions, followed by ACP and ALP. Compared to CK, the PHY treatment significantly reduced NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po in maize rhizosphere soil by 13.9% and 6.8%, respectively, and significantly increased Resin-P and NaHCO3-Pi by 337.8% and 65.2%, respectively. Compared to ACP and ALP treatments, the PHY treatment significantly increased Resin-P by 90.1% and 104.3%, NaHCO3-Pi by 30.6% and 45.2%, and significantly reduced NaHCO3-Po by 8.8% and 11.4%, and NaOH-Po by 3.5% and 4.4%, respectively. The relative contribution rate of NaHCO3-Pi, NaHCO3-Po and Resin-P to available P in red soil were 10.0%, 8.7% and 8.4%, respectively.
The addition of exogenous PHY and ACP significantly promotes the conversion of organic P (NaHCO3-Po and NaOH-Po) in red soil into water-soluble inorganic P (Resin-P) and available inorganic P (NaHCO3-Pi), enhancing P uptake and utilization by maize. These enzymes play a crucial role in promoting maize P uptake and P activation in red soil.
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Keywords:
- exogenous addition /
- phosphatase /
- phosphorus fraction /
- phosphorus uptake /
- low phosphorus red soil
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