Study on the Diversity and Soil Nutrients of Middle Mountain Moist Evergreen Broadleaf Forest

Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, as the largest of the original middle mountain moist evergreen broadleaf forest in the world, is rich in resources of wildlife. It has become a hot area of biological diversity protection. We studied soil properties and plant community in the east slope of Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve, based on the investigation method of sample plot. The results showed that the major communities in the forests can be classified as Rhododendron irroratum, Lithocarpus hancei and Tsuga dumosa community. There are 55 families, 78 genera and 107 species of plants in the sampling plots, including 10 families 11 genera 14 species of fern, 2 families 3 genera 3 species of gymnosperm, 6 families 9 genera and 11 species of monocotyledons, 37 families 55 genera and 79 species of dicotyledons. Taxus yunnanensis, Illicium macranthum, Tetracentron sinense belong to wild protected plants of China. Through analysis of Margalef richness index and Shannon-Wiener diversity index, species richness showed that shrub inter-layer tree layer herb layer, and species diversity was more uniform. The soil was acidic and gave birth to the rich diversity of species due to good air permeability, high water content, and rich organic matter content. This study will provide the basic data and scientific basis on ecological system restoration and biodiversity conservation for Ailaoshan National Nature Reserve.