Difference of the Anthocyanin Components and Their Contents of 25 Local Barley Variety Grains

The analysis of the difference of anthocyanin components and their contents of local barley variety grains is useful for the selection of the barley germplasm with high content of anthocyanins and their monomers.In this study,a methanol solution immersion extraction was employed to extract total anthocyanins from the grains of 25 local barley varieties with different colors,and an high performance liquid chromatographic(HPLC) was used to detect the components of the anthocyanin in the extracts and their contents.The result showed that there were no any anthocyanin components detected in the extracts from the mature grains of 5 local barley varieties such as 'Yanchenghongjingdamai'(ZJ16),but 36 anthocyanin components detected in the extracts from the mature grains of 20 barley varieties including 'Shanghailiulengzidamai'(ZJ19).Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside was one of 36 anthocyanin components detected. Each barley variety grains contained meanly 6.4 anthocyanin components. Among 20 barley varieties, the grains of 'Yipingchangfangtou'(ZJ174) contained 17 anthocyanin components. Some unique components with different retention time were detected in the extracts from the grains of 4 barley variety including ZJ174.The contents of anthocyanin in different barley varieties ranged from 0.00 to 182.41 g/g,and reached the highest in ZJ174.The yellow barley grains contained no any anthocyanin component,but the purple,purple-black,black,blue and brown barley grains contained 24,22,14,11 and 2 anthocyanin components, respectively.The anthocyanin contents of purple grain and purple black grain were higher than those of 3 mature barley grains including brown grain.The purple,purple-black,black,blue grain and brown grains contained higher contents of anthocyanin components and unique anthocyanin components with different retention time,respectively.The anthocyanin components and their contents of the grains of different barley varieties and with different colors were both different,and grain color could be used as auxiliary marker in selection of barley germplasm with different components.Four barley varieties of 'Yipingchangfangtou'(ZJ174),'Huangyanwujingmai'(ZJ207),'Heidamai'(YAU),'Ximalaya22'(DQ6) can be used as the matriels extracted anthocyanin and special parent in genetic improvement of barley grain anthocyanin.