Purpose To investigate the chemical constituents of the peduncles and inflorescences of Gastrodia elata Blume (Orchidaceae) and their activity in promoting type Ⅰ collagen secretion.
Methods The dried peduncles and inflorescences collected after seed harvesting were extracted with 90% ethanol. The extract was subjected to water dissolution followed by alcohol precipitation, and then separated and purified using normal-phase silica gel, reversed-phase C18 silica gel, Sephadex LH-20 gel chromatography, and semi-preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The chemical structures of the isolated compounds were identified using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. These compounds from the active fraction were evaluated for their ability to promote type Ⅰ collagen secretion using a colorimetric assay with an ELISA kit.
Results Ten compounds were isolated and identified from the peduncles and inflorescences of G. elata: p-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1), p-hydroxybenzoic acid (2), L-pyroglutamic acid methyl ester (3), 4-(4-hydroxybenzyl)-3,4,5-trimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-one (4), D-mannitol (5), gastrodin (6), 3,4,5-trimethoxyphenol-β-D-glucopyranoside (7), N-(4-hydroxybenzoyl)-L-aspartic acid (8), 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde (9), and sucrose (10). 1.0 μg/mL compounds 5-9 promoted type Ⅰ collagen secretion by 30.6%, 41.3%, 17.8%, 39.2% and 41.5%, respectively, while exhibiting no cytotoxicity toward human dermal fibroblasts-adult cells at the tested mass concentration.
Conclusion The chemical constituents from the peduncles and inflorescences of G. elata possess potential anti-skin aging properties, and the compounds 3, 4, 7, and 8 are isolated from G. elata for the first time
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