Diversity Analysis and Evaluation of Agronomic and Quality Traits in Ten Colored Wheat Lines from Yunnan

Purpose A diversity analysis of agronomic traits and nutritional quality of Yunnan’s colored wheat was conducted to investigate the quality characteristics of colored wheat under high-altitude region, providing crucial references and theoretical foundations for utilization of germplasm resources and breeding of high-quality varieties of Yunnan’s colored wheat.

Methods Using 10 varieties of Yunnan specialty wheat as experimental materials, eight agronomic traits and 16 quality indicators were measured, and diversity analysis was carried out to screen superior genetic materials with superior comprehensive scores.

Results The 10 colored wheat lines exhibited rich variation in agronomic traits and nutritional quality, demonstrating a solid foundation of genetic diversity. Correlation analysis indicated that most agronomic traits showed nonsignificant Pearson correlations with quality traits. Five principal components were extracted from agronomic and quality traits, explaining 92.473% of the variance, among which, the main effect factors of quality were the main indicators for comprehensive evaluation of agronomic and quality traits. De t2251 (blue grain) and Dian T23-1 (purple grain) achieved relatively high scores. Cluster analysis results showed that at a Euclidean distance of 15, the 10 lines could be clustered into three categories, consistent with the comprehensive scoring results.

Conclusion De t2251 (blue grain) and Dian T23-1 (purple grain) exhibit outstanding comprehensive traits and hold significant value for improving quality characteristics.