Purpose To study the fatty acid composition and content of introduced, self-bred and collected Brassica napus, screening out the germplasm with high oleic acid content.
Methods Fatty acid composition and content in seeds of 19 germplasms were tested, and correlation, principal component and cluster analysis were performed.
Results The contents of 13 fatty acids were main components, including palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eicosanoic acid, eicosenoic acid, eicosadienoic acid, behenic acid, erucic acid, lignoceric acid and nervonic acid. Among which, oleic acid content was the highest (average was 3023.20 μg/g), of which ZN1 had the highest content (4270.31 μg/g); followed by linoleic acid (average was 2966.47 μg/g), of which XN2 had the highest content (5700.95 μg/g). Most of the 13 fatty acid contents had significant or extremely significant positive correlations. The total cumulative contribution rate of the two principal components (very long-chain fatty acid factor, and palmitic acid-oleic acid factor) obtained by principal component analysis reached 91.41%, which could basically represent the comprehensive information of fatty acids in 19 germplasm resources. The cluster analysis showed that the 19 germplasms could be divided into three groups: high oleic acid and low erucic acid group (ZN5, ZN7, HN2, ZN6, CN2, ZN4, ZN3, CN3, ZY1, HN1 and ZN1), low oleic acid and high erucic acid group (XN3, QH1, XN1, XN4, XN5, CN1 and ZN2), and high oleic acid and high erucic acid group (XN2).
Conclusion ZN1 meets the screening criteria for high oleic and low erucic acid germplasm resources. The results provide a material basis and theoretical basis for the breeding of high-quality rapeseed germplasm in Xizang, and at the same time lay a material foundation for improving dietary and nutrient patterns for Xizang residents.
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