Effect of Different Varieties of Phosphorus Fertilizer Application on the Phosphorus Component of Maize Rhizosphere Soil

PurposeTo study the effects of intercropping on different phosphorus (P) components in maize rhizosphere soil.

MethodTaking maize soybean intercropping as the research object, pot (100 mg/kg) and field (90 kg/hm² ) experiment were used to study the effects of diammonium phosphate (DAP), monoammonium phosphate (MAP) and calcium superphosphate (SSP) application on the changes of total P and P components in maize rhizosphere red soil, by Tiessen-Moir phosphorus classification method.

ResultThe application of P fertilizer increased the total P content of maize rhizosphere soil, and the order of the effect of different P fertilizer varieties was DAP>MAP>SSP. Synthesized the results of field experiment and pot experiment, compared with no P application (CK), the application of P fertilizer increased the proportion of middle active P (NaOH-Pi, NaOH-Po and D.HCl-Pi)(5%-42%), decreased the proportions of active P (Resin-P, NaHCO₃-Pi, and NaHCO₃-Po)(2%-16%) and stable P (C.HCl-Pi, C.HCl-Po, and Residual-Pt)(3%-9%); intercropping increased the proportion of active P and stable P (3% and 4%, respectively), decreased the proportion of middle active P (6%). In pot experiment, the application of different varieties of P fertilizer could increase the content of P components in maize rhizosphere soil except NaHCO₃-Po and Residual-Pt. Compared with monoculture, intercropping significantly reduced the contents of NaOH-Pi and NaOH-Po (P<0.05), significantly increased the contents of NaHCO₃-Pi, NaHCO₃-Po, C.HCl-Pi and Residual-Pt (P<0.05), but had no significant difference on the contents of other phosphorus components (P>0.05).

ConclusionDifferent varieties of P fertilizer had different effects on different P components in maize rhizosphere. Among them, DAP had significant positive effects on the activation of middle active P and the increase of total P in maize rhizosphere.