PurposeTo investigate the effects of Yunnan maize/soybean intercropping model on the characteristics of maize-rhizosphere microbial community, maize yield and disease, in order to provide scientific basis for the field application of maize/soybean intercropping pattern.
MethodBy single factor randomized block experiment, by setting the maize intercropping soybean and maize monoculture treatment, using the Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing technology analysis of intercropping maize rhizosphere soil microbial community structure and diversity, and maize yield, disease occurrence and change the correlation analysis between rhizosphere microorganisms.
ResultThe yield of intercropping maize was significantly higher than that of monocultural maize (P<0.05). Compared with monoculture, the disease index of corn rust, corn gray leaf spot, corn southern leaf blight and corn northern leaf blight decreased significantly after intercropping. Intercropping can improve the microbial diversity index of maize rhizosphere soil (Observed_species index, Chao1 index and Shannon index of fungi and bacteria). Difference bacteria OTUs analysis results showed that 276 OTUs and 251 OTUs were significantly enriched in maize and soybean intercropping, while 251 OTUs were significantly enriched in single cropping. The number of bacteria genera such as Gemmatimonas and Lysobacter increased significantly in maize/soybean intercropping, while the number of bacteria genera such as Burkholderia and Sphingobium decreased significantly. 146 fungi OTUs were significantly enriched in maize and soybean intercropping, and 141 OTUs were significantly enriched in single maize cropping. The abundance of Mortierella, Spizellomyces and other fungi increased significantly in maize and soybean intercropping, while that of Fusarium and Monographella decreased significantly. Functional annotation results showed that soybean intercropping maize can make maize rhizosphere is promoting the transformation of nitrogen in the soil, organic matter decomposition and improve soil structure function of beneficial microbial abundance increased, and the annotation to the potential pathogenic bacteria abundance reduce harmful microorganisms.
ConclusionThe maize changed soybean intercropping maize rhizosphere microbial community structure, to improve the diversity of bacteria and fungi, increase the number of beneficial microorganisms in rhizosphere soil, at the same time to reduce the number of potential pathogenic bacteria and other harmful microbes, enhances the disease resistance of maize, increase the output.
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