Effects of Late Sowing Date on the Nitrogen Accumulation and Utilization in Weak Gluten Wheat Plants

PurposeTo analyze the effects of late sowing on nitrogen accumulation and utilization in weak gluten wheat.

MethodThe weak gluten wheat cultivar Yangmai 13 and Ningmai 13 were used as the materials, normal sown and late sown treatments were set at different nitrogen levels (N210: 210 kg/hm², N270: 270 kg/hm²), analysis of nitrogen accumulation and utilization condition in weak gluten wheat.

ResultThe nitrogen accumulation of weak gluten wheat at anthesis stage was mainly from soil nitrogen (70.48%-85.51%). The nitrogen accumulation in grain was mainly from soil nitrogen at maturity stage (74.35%-86.86%). The nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs was mainly from fertilizer nitrogen at maturity stages (52.88%-82.12%). Compared with normal sown, the late sown treatments significantly increased the nitrogen accumulation per plant of wheat maturity stages. The nitrogen accumulation from soil at anthesis stage, and nitrogen accumulation amount from fertilizer and soil in vegetative organs and grains at mature stages. The nitrogen accumulation translation efficiency from vegetative organs before anthesis stages to the grain in the weak gluten wheat was 55.52%-79.78%. The contribution proportion of nitrogen accumulation in vegetative organs before anthesis to the grain was 38.91%-77.99%. The nitrogen translation amount from vegetative organs, the translation efficiency and contribution proportion of vegetative organs were 23.47 mg/plant, 75.23% and 71.46%, respectively under normal sown conditions. The late sown treatment significantly decreased nitrogen translation amount from vegetative organs, the translation efficiency and contribution proportion of vegetative organs before anthesis stages (19.87mg/plant, 59.74%, 50.31%, respectively). The efficiency of nitrogen productivity efficiency was 25.25-44.27 kg/kg, nitrogen use efficiency was 15.75%-41.43%, and nitrogen harvest index was 0.730-0.844. The comparison of different levels under the same factor showed that late sowing date significantly reduced grain yield, nitrogen productivity efficiency, nitrogen use efficiency and nitrogen harvest index, but sowing date had no significant effect on grain protein content. Under the same variety and nitrogen level, the grain yield of late sowing was reduced.

ConclusionLate sowing of weak gluten wheat was not conducive to the improvement of grain yield and nitrogen use efficiency. Therefore, in order to obtain higher yield level and nitrogen use efficiency, the suitable sowing date of weak gluten wheat should be ensured as far as possible.