Purpose To investigate the ant fauna on Daba Mountain Nature Reserve.
Method We investigated, identified and made fauna analysis the specimen of ant collected from ground, soil and tree canopy at sample plots.
Result We collected 34 328 ants in total in Daba Mountain Nature Reserve, which belong to 5 subfamilies, 32 genus and 59 species, among which were 24 Chongqing new record species. At genus level inside world zoogeographical district, the ant fauna on Daba Mountain Nature Reserve was predominant in Oriental and Palaearctic component, closest to Indo-Australian, Australasian and Nearctic region, and furthest to Neotropical region. At species level inside world zoogeographical district, the ant fauna on Daba Mountain Nature Reserve was predominant in Oriental component, closest to Palaearctic district, related to Indo-Australian and Nearctic region, and be furthest to Neotropical and Malagasy region. Inside Chinese zoogeographical districts, the ant species were endemic in Central China district, closest to South China and Southwest China districts, and be furthest to Mongo-Xinjiang district.
Conclusion Geological structure condition is an important factor causing the species diversity of ant formicidae on Daba Mountain Nature Reserve.