Study on the Biodiversity of Yeasts Isolated from the Variety of Cloud Dancer Grape in Mile of Yunnan Province

Purposes Cloud Dancer grape was selected as experimental material in Mile County of Yunnan, where is a traditional wine producing region in Southwest China.

Methods Biodiversity of yeasts in the surface of grape and the spontaneous fermentation process were studied by the colony morphology of WL nutrient culture medium, yeast cell morphology, and molecular biology.

Results 80 yeast strains of Cloud Dancer grape isolated from Mile region were clustering analysed by WL nutrient culture medium, and 5 culture types were obtained. 15 wild yeasts selected from the 5 culture types were identified by using 26S rDNA D1/D2 domain sequences analysis. WL culture media identification and the sequence analysis showed that the selected yeast stains belonged to 5 species of 5 genera. They were Hanseniaspora uvarum, Issatchenkia terricola, Pichia kudriavzevii, Rhodotorula glutinis, Candida quercitrusa. The result revealed the diversity of yeasts related to Cloud Dancer grape in Mile County. H. uvarum was the dominate strain in Mile, which was occupied 43.18%. The genetic diversity of yeast and the relationship between strains were analyzed by constructing the phylogenetic tree of 15 strains and type strains. The results showed that all the strains and their type strains clustered into one branch, and the results were similar to the sequence alignment. In addition, the relationship between different strains of the same yeast and the type strains was different, which showed certain genetic diversity.

Conclusions The result revealed the diversity of yeasts related to Cloud Dancer grape in Mile, Yunnan. This study provides a material and reference for further breeding of indigenous wine yeast.