The Formation Mechanism of Public Participation in Ecological Protection in Agri-culture-tourism Integration Contexts: A Survey and Case Study of Beijing Ecological Conservation Area

Against the backdrop of the coordinated advancement of ecological civilization construction and rural revitalization, ecological conservation areas serve not only as ecological security barriers but also as spaces for the integrated development of agriculture, culture and tourism. Taking Beijing’ s Ecological Conservation Area as the research field, this paper explored the formation mechanism of public participation in ecological protection within agri-culture-tourism integration contexts, centering on the analytical lens of “eco-cultural experience—ecological identity—public participatory behavior—ecological governance effect.” The study found that public participation in ecological conservation areas was essentially a social process that gradually takes shape through experience, identity, and action. Such participation was often rooted in everyday eco-cultural experiences; ecological identity serves as the key mediator through which experience was transformed into participation, as sustained contact fosters ecological value cognition, emotional attachment, and a sense of responsibility, thereby promoting participatory behavior. Participatory behavior itself displayed certain levels, ranging from rule compliance and civilized reminders to voluntary collaboration and issue reporting. Its sustainability and governance effects, in turn, depended on the combined role of scene construction, cultural communication, interest linkage, and capacity building.