Abstract: As a new quality productive force in the agricultural sector, digital agriculture serves as an important driver for the modernization of agriculture and rural areas. In recent years, China has placed great emphasis on the development of digital agriculture and rural areas, vigorously promoting the application of digital technologies, and initial progress has been made in digital agriculture construction. However, in the process of development, digital agriculture also faces numerous challenges, including weak digital infrastructure, lagging research and development of key core technologies, shortage of digital talent, and insufficient data integration and sharing. Drawing on domestic practices and the successful experiences of developed countries in advancing digital agriculture, this paper proposes countermeasures and recommendations from multiple aspects, such as accelerating top-level design, strengthening technology research and development, enhancing talent development, optimizing the regulatory environment, and participating in global governance. It aims to broaden the practice path of cultivating digital agriculture with Chinese characteristics and promote China’s transformation from a major agricultural country into a strong agricultural country.