Abstract: Against the background of the continued advancement of new urbanization and the growing of county-level employment absorption functions, the cross-regional mobility of rural labor is shifting from traditional out-migration for work to multi-tiered spatial choices. To reveal the expansion characteristics of the cross-regional mobility radius of rural labor and to identify the factors that drive differentiated spatial choices among mobility within the home township, within the county, across counties within the province, and across provinces, this paper constructed a hierarchical indicator of cross-regional mobility for rural labor using data from the Chinese Social Survey (CSS) for 2011, 2013, 2015, 2021, and 2023. The indicator classified mobility into four categories: employment within the home township, mobility within county, inter-county mobility within the province, and inter-provincial mobility. Drawing on provincial-level statistical data to describe changes in the mobility environment, the study employed an ordered Logit model to examine the effects of individual characteristics, non-agricultural employment experience, and household constraints on the mobility level. The results showed that, over the study period, overall cross-regional mobility of rural labor had increased, with the share of employment within the home township declining, while intra-county, inter-county within-province, and inter-provincial mobility all had risen, indicating an expanding radius of the mobility from proximal to distal. Years of education and non-agricultural employment significantly increased the probability of moving to higher mobility levels, whereas age and marital status acted as constrains. exerted a greater inhibiting effect on female mobility. Education and non-agricultural employment had a stronger effect on promoting mobility levels for males, while marriage had a stronger restraining effect on female mobility. Accordingly, policy efforts should focus on improving education and training for rural labor, enhancing the non-agricultural employment capacity of county-level areas, refining cross-regional public service coordination mechanisms, and improving mobility quality and employment stability.