Abstract: Intellectual property rights belong to intangible property rights and are referred to the creative achievements of intellectual work and are legally owned by their intellectual workers. Meanwhile intellectual property rights are also called personal rights, property rights, mental rights or economic rights. In Yunnan province, biological intellectual property rights are playing an important role in the development of agricultural economy due to the advantage of biodiversity in agricultural economic system. The development and research of biodiversity and the applications of its achievements are featuring agricultural economy in Yunnan province and is an ultimate approach to developing agricultural economy. In the times of knowledge economy, intellect is leading in the input of production factors during economic development, so Yunnan province should take advantage of its own unique feature and develop biological intellectual property rights to show the stability and advanced character in boosting agricultural economy.