Abstract: Compared with the older generation of migrant workers, the new Peasant-workers has changed a lot in terms of culture, philosophy of life and way of thinking. But due to the lack of social capital, the institutional exclusion, and the duality of social memory, they face the dilemmas of social identity: contradiction of public tendency and rural attachment in self-identity; the gaps between self expectation and occupational success in career identity; highlight tension between memory of native culture and city civilization in cultural identity; fuzzy cognitive of the adscription about city and rural home in regional identity. To solve these problems, system construction, capital expansion, welfare reform, psychological comfort, cultural adaptation may be the necessary and useful ways.